[Management of the chronic compartment syndrome of the leg in athletes. Presentation of 2 cases and review of literature]. / Manejo del síndrome compartimental crónico de la pierna en atletas. Presentación de dos casos y revisión de la literatura.

A problem commonly undiagnosed, severe and diffi cult to treat is chronic compartment syndrome in athletes. This pathology in its acute phase requires a diagnosis and treatment early to avoid muscle necrosis and neurological injury. Also, in chronic cases, the diagnosis is mainly clinical and the complete liberation of all compartments of the leg is essential. I review the literature of management of this pathology and two cases with specific treatment are presented. The objective is to provide evidence-based guidance for both chronic and acute treatment of chronic compartment syndrome in athletes to reduce the delay in the diagnosis and implement effective therapeutic measures for the improvement of the athletes and to avoid as much as possible the presentation of complications and sequelae in this group of patients.

Un problema comúnmente no diagnosticado, grave y difícil de tratar es el síndrome compartimental crónico en atletas (SCCA), patología que cuando se agudiza requiere un diagnóstico y tratamiento temprano para evitar necrosis musculares y lesiones neurológicas. Asimismo, en los casos crónicos el diagnóstico es principalmente clínico y la liberación completa de todos los compartimientos de la pierna es esencial. Se revisa la literatura del manejo de esta patología, se presentan dos casos y su tratamiento específico. El objetivo es ofrecer una guía con base en evidencia para el tratamiento del síndrome compartimental tanto crónico como agudo en atletas, con el fin disminuir el retraso en el diagnóstico, implementar medidas terapéuticas efectivas y cronológicamente adecuadas en beneficio de los deportistas y evitar en lo posible la presentación de complicaciones y secuelas en este grupo de pacientes.

Manejo del síndrome compartimental crónico de la pierna en atletas. Presentación de dos casos y revisión de la literatura / Management of the chronic compartment syndrome of the leg in athletes. Presentation of 2 cases and review of literature

Resumen: Un problema comúnmente no diagnosticado, grave y difícil de tratar es el síndrome compartimental crónico en atletas (SCCA), patología que cuando se agudiza requiere un diagnóstico y tratamiento temprano para evitar necrosis musculares y lesiones neurológicas. Asimismo, en los casos crónicos el diagnóstico es principalmente clínico y la liberación completa de todos los compartimientos de la pierna es esencial. Se revisa la literatura del manejo de esta patología, se presentan dos casos y su tratamiento específico. El objetivo es ofrecer una guía con base en evidencia para el tratamiento del síndrome compartimental tanto crónico como agudo en atletas, con el fin disminuir el retraso en el diagnóstico, implementar medidas terapéuticas efectivas y cronológicamente adecuadas en beneficio de los deportistas y evitar en lo posible la presentación de complicaciones y secuelas en este grupo de pacientes.

Abstract: A problem commonly undiagnosed, severe and difficult to treat is chronic compartment syndrome in athletes. This pathology in its acute phase requires a diagnosis and treatment early to avoid muscle necrosis and neurological injury. Also, in chronic cases, the diagnosis is mainly clinical and the complete liberation of all compartments of the leg is essential. I review the literature of management of this pathology and two cases with specific treatment are presented. The objective is to provide evidence-based guidance for both chronic and acute treatment of chronic compartment syndrome in athletes to reduce the delay in the diagnosis and implement effective therapeutic measures for the improvement of the athletes and to avoid as much as possible the presentation of complications and sequelae in this group of patients.

[Biceps tendon rupture in athletes. Diagnosis and management modalities. Report of three cases]. / Ruptura del tendón del bíceps en atletas: diagnóstico y modalidades de manejo, presentación de 3 casos.

OBJECTIVE: To help the orthopedic surgeon become familiar with this type of injuries in athletes; to mention the difficulty to perform the clinical and imaging diagnosis; to emphasize the diagnostic need of arthroscopy in the injury of the proximal or long tendon; to present the current treatment modalities and, in the distal injury, suggest the use of a single incision, as well as biodegradable material for fixation purposes. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of biceps tendon injuries in athletes is mainly a clinical one, assisted by imaging; however, the arthroscopic confirmation of proximal injuries is essential. Current techniques for proximal tendon fixation are variable, but, same as in the distal aspect, early fixation with biodegradable screws is a biomechanically stable option and promotes the athlete's full rehabilitation.